Journal of Pedagogical Sociology and Psychology
Moral values and social skills of pupils with mild intellectual disability: Does indigenous language storytelling and gender play any role?
Udeme Samuel Jacob 1 * , Idris Olasunbo Busari 2, Jace Pillay 1, Esther Olufunke Oyefeso 2
More Detail
1 University of Johannesburg, South Africa
2 University of Ibadan, Nigeria
* Corresponding Author
Open Access Full Text (PDF)
ARTICLE INFO

Journal of Pedagogical Sociology and Psychology, 2024 - Volume 6 Issue 2, pp. 17-29
https://doi.org/10.33902/jpsp.202424850

Article Type: Research Article

Published Online: 19 Mar 2024

Views: 1300 | Downloads: 587

ABSTRACT
Indigenous languages hold significance as they reflect the heritage and historical background of native communities across the globe. This research explores how storytelling in languages impacts the values and social abilities of students with mild intellectual disabilities. The study followed an experimental design employing pretest, post-test, and control group structures. To examine the influence of language storytelling and gender, a 2x2 factorial matrix was incorporated into the research. Convenient sampling techniques were used to select forty students from two schools in Ibadan, Oyo State. The study used tools such as the Moral Foundations Questionnaire to measure values and the Social Skills Rating System to assess social skills. The analysis involved conducting an Analysis of Covariance at a significance level of .05. The findings revealed that storytelling in languages enhanced moral values and social skills among students with mild intellectual disabilities. These results highlight the nature of reasoning, social skill development and various factors beyond gender considerations. Indigenous language storytelling fostered sensitivity, vocabulary growth and improved moral reasoning among pupils while contributing to language development and a better understanding of social dynamics. The findings indicate that it is crucial to include the growth of values and social skills in this population's development. The research emphasizes the advantages of reviving languages through storytelling to cultivate values and social abilities in pupils with mild intellectual disabilities. This contributes to their growth, cultural identity, and self-determination.     
KEYWORDS
In-text citation: (Jacob et al., 2024)
Reference: Jacob, U. S., Busari, I. O., Pillay, J., & Oyefeso, E. O. (2024). Moral values and social skills of pupils with mild intellectual disability: Does indigenous language storytelling and gender play any role?. Journal of Pedagogical Sociology and Psychology, 6(2), 17-29. https://doi.org/10.33902/jpsp.202424850
In-text citation: (1), (2), (3), etc.
Reference: Jacob US, Busari IO, Pillay J, Oyefeso EO. Moral values and social skills of pupils with mild intellectual disability: Does indigenous language storytelling and gender play any role?. Journal of Pedagogical Sociology and Psychology. 2024;6(2), 17-29. https://doi.org/10.33902/jpsp.202424850
In-text citation: (1), (2), (3), etc.
Reference: Jacob US, Busari IO, Pillay J, Oyefeso EO. Moral values and social skills of pupils with mild intellectual disability: Does indigenous language storytelling and gender play any role?. Journal of Pedagogical Sociology and Psychology. 2024;6(2):17-29. https://doi.org/10.33902/jpsp.202424850
In-text citation: (Jacob et al., 2024)
Reference: Jacob, Udeme Samuel, Idris Olasunbo Busari, Jace Pillay, and Esther Olufunke Oyefeso. "Moral values and social skills of pupils with mild intellectual disability: Does indigenous language storytelling and gender play any role?". Journal of Pedagogical Sociology and Psychology 2024 6 no. 2 (2024): 17-29. https://doi.org/10.33902/jpsp.202424850
In-text citation: (Jacob et al., 2024)
Reference: Jacob, U. S., Busari, I. O., Pillay, J., and Oyefeso, E. O. (2024). Moral values and social skills of pupils with mild intellectual disability: Does indigenous language storytelling and gender play any role?. Journal of Pedagogical Sociology and Psychology, 6(2), pp. 17-29. https://doi.org/10.33902/jpsp.202424850
In-text citation: (Jacob et al., 2024)
Reference: Jacob, Udeme Samuel et al. "Moral values and social skills of pupils with mild intellectual disability: Does indigenous language storytelling and gender play any role?". Journal of Pedagogical Sociology and Psychology, vol. 6, no. 2, 2024, pp. 17-29. https://doi.org/10.33902/jpsp.202424850
REFERENCES
  • Adeniyi, Y., & Omigbodun, O. (2016). Effect of a classroom-based intervention on the social skills of pupils with intellectual disability in southwest Nigeria. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, 10(1), 29. https://doi.org/10.1186%2Fs13034-016-0118-3
  • Agerström, J., Möller, K., & Archer, T. (2006). Moral reasoning: the influence of affective personality, dilemma content, and gender. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 34(10), 1259–1276. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2006.34.10.1259
  • Ågren, K., Kjellberg, A., & Hemmingsson, H. (2019). Digital participation? internet use among adolescents with and without intellectual disabilities: a comparative study. New Media & Society, 22(12), 2128-2145. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444819888398
  • Alesi, M., Rappo, G., & Pepi, A. (2015). Emotional profile and intellectual functioning: A comparison among children with borderline intellectual functioning, average intellectual functioning, and gifted intellectual functioning. SAGE Open, 5(3), 21582440. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244015589995
  • Al-Hawamleh, M. (2019). Storytelling as promoting moral consciousness: religious education teachers’ perspectives. International Journal of Learning Teaching and Educational Research, 18(10), 20-33. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.18.10.2
  • Armstrong, J., Friesdorf, R., & Conway, P. (2018). Clarifying gender differences in moral dilemma judgments: the complementary roles of harm aversion and action aversion. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 10(3), 353-363.
  • Atleo, M. R., & Fitznor, L. (2010). Aboriginal educators discuss recognizing, reclaiming, and revitalizing their multi-competences in heritage/English-language use. Canadian Journal of Native Education, 32. https://doi.org/10.14288/cjne.v32i.196505
  • Axelrad, M., Nicholson, L., Stabley, D., Sol‐Church, K., & Gripp, K. (2007). Longitudinal assessment of cognitive characteristics in costello syndrome. American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A, 143A, 24, 3185-3193. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.a.31968
  • Bain, S., & Pelletier, K. (1999). Social and behavioral differences among a predominantly african american preschool sample. Psychology in the Schools, 36(3), 249-259. https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-6807(199905)36:33.0.co;2-j
  • Best, D. L., & Puzio, A. R. (2001). Gender and culture. In D. Matsumoto, & H. C. Hwang (Eds.), The handbook of culture and psychology (pp.235-291). Oxford.
  • Brinkman, B., Rabenstein, K., Rosén, L., & Zimmerman, T. (2012). Children’s gender identity development. Youth & Society, 46(6), 835-852. https://doi.org/10.1177/0044118x12455025
  • Buntinx, W. (2015). Adaptive behaviour and support needs. In A. Carr, C. Linehan, & G. O’Reilly (Eds.), The handbook of intellectual disability and clinical psychology practice (pp. 107–135). Routledge.
  • Burns, C., Houghton, L., Delaney, D., & Shannon, C. (2022). Ethical decision-making in indigenous financial services: qsuper case study. Journal of Business Ethics, 186(1), 13-29. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-022-05253-4
  • Bussey, K. (2011). Gender identity development: Handbook of identity theory and research. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7988-9_25
  • Capraro, V., & Sippel, J. (2017). Gender differences in moral judgment and the evaluation of gender-specified moral agents. Cognitive Processing, 18(4), 399-405. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10339-017-0822-9
  • Cohen, R., Linker, J. A., & Stutts, L. (2006). Working together: Lessons learned from school, family, and community collaborations. Psychology in the Schools, 43(4), 19-428. https://doi.org/10.1002/pits.20156
  • Corntassel, J. (2008). Toward sustainable self-determination: Rethinking the contemporary Indigenous-rights discourse. Alternatives, 33(1), 105-132. Retrieved from http://dspace.library.uvic.ca/handle/1828/12471
  • Curry, O., Chesters, M., & Lissa, C. (2018). Mapping morality with a compass: testing the theory of ‘morality as cooperation’ with a new questionnaire. PsyArxiv Preprint. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/42vbn
  • Datta, R. (2018). Traditional storytelling: An effective Indigenous research methodology and its implications for environmental research. AlterNative: An International Journal of Indigenous Peoples, 14(1), 35-44. https://doi.org/10.1177/1177180117741351
  • Driscoll, C., & McKee, M. (2006). Restorying a culture of ethical and spiritual values: a role for leader storytelling. Journal of Business Ethics, 73(2), 205-217. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-006-9191-5
  • Eisenberg N., Fabes R. A., Spinrad T. L. (2006). Prosocial development. In Damon W. (Series Ed.) & Eisenberg N. (Vol. Ed.), Handbook of Child Psychology, Vol. 3: Social, emotional, and personality development (6th ed., pp. 646–718). John Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470147658.chpsy0311
  • Emerson, E., Hatton, C., Baines, S., & Robertson, J. (2016). The physical health of British adults with intellectual disability: cross sectional study. International journal for equity in health, 15(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-016-0296-x
  • Ensor, R., & Hughes, C. (2008). Content or connectedness? mother–child talk and early social understanding. Child Development, 79(1), 201-216. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2007.01120.x
  • Farrant, B., Shepherd, C., Walker, R., & Pearson, G. (2014). Early vocabulary development of australian indigenous children: identifying strengths. Child Development Research, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/942817
  • Ferreira, A., Barlem, E., Rocha, L., Tomaschewski-Barlem, J., Dalmolin, G., & Figueira, A. (2021). Cultural adaptation and validation of the moral sensitivity questionnaire among brazilian nurses. Texto & Contexto - Enfermagem, 30. https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-265x-tce-2019-0266
  • Flanagan, D., Alfonso, V., Primavera, L., Povall, L., & Higgins, D. (1996). Convergent validity of the basc and ssrs: implications for social skills assessment. Psychology in the Schools, 33(1), 13-23. https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-6807(199601)33:13
  • Fletcher, J. M., Lyon, G. R., Fuchs, L. S., & Barnes, M. A. (2018). Learning disabilities: From identification to intervention. Guilford Publications.
  • Frey, J., Elliott, S., & Gresham, F. (2011). Preschoolers’ social skills: advances in assessment for intervention using social behavior ratings. School Mental Health, 3(4), 179-190. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12310-011-9060-y
  • Frey, J., Elliott, S., & Kaiser, A. (2013). Social skills intervention planning for preschoolers. Assessment for Effective Intervention, 39(3), 182-192. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534508413488415
  • Gilbert, J. (2007). Indigenous rights in the making: The United Nations declaration on the rights of indigenous peoples. International Journal of Minority and Group Rights, 14, 207.
  • Graham, J., Nosek, B. A., Haidt, J., Iyer, R., Koleva, S., & Ditto, P. H. (2011). Mapping the moral domain. Journal of personality and social psychology, 101(2), 366. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021847
  • Gresham, F., Elliott, S., Vance, M., & Cook, C. (2011). Comparability of the social skills rating system to the social skills improvement system: content and psychometric comparisons across elementary and secondary age levels. School Psychology Quarterly, 26(1), 27-44. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0022662
  • Han, H., Kim, J., Jeong, C., & Cohen, G. L. (2017). Attainable and relevant moral exemplars are more effective than extraordinary exemplars in promoting voluntary service engagement. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 283. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00283
  • Hayati, M., Lestari, M., & Nurmawahda, N. (2021). Kak awam’s storytelling strategy in delivering moral values for children. Journal of Early Childhood Education (Jece), 113-124. https://doi.org/10.15408/jece.v0i0.17530
  • Hronis, A., Roberts, L., & Kneebone, I. I. (2017). (2017). A review of cognitive impairments in children with intellectual disabilities: Implications for cognitive behaviour therapy. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 56(2), 189-207. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjc.12133
  • Jacob, U., Pillay, J., Ayandokun, O., & Oyundoyin, J. (2021). Social skills of pupils with mild intellectual disability: do peer tutoring, storytelling and gender play a role? Universal Journal of Educational Research, 9(12), 1887-1897. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2021.091201
  • Johnson, T. R. (2016). Violation of the homogeneity of regression slopes assumption in ANCOVA for two-group pre-post designs: Tutorial on a modified Johnson-Neyman procedure. The Quantitative Methods for Psychology, 12(3), 253-263.
  • Kågesten, A., Gibbs, S., Blum, R. W., Moreau, C., Chandra-Mouli, V., Herbert, A., & Amin, A. (2016). Understanding factors that shape gender attitudes in early adolescence globally: A mixed-methods systematic review. PloS one, 11(6), e0157805. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0157805
  • Kasami, N. (2021). Can digital storytelling enhance learning motivation for efl students with low proficiency and confidence in english? The Eurocall Review, 21(1), 68. https://doi.org/10.4995/eurocall.2021.12754
  • Langdon, P., Clare, I., & Murphy, G. (2010). Developing an understanding of the literature relating to the moral development of people with intellectual disabilities. Developmental Review, 30(3), 273-293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dr.2010.01.001
  • Lee, G. K., & Carter, E. W. (2012). Preparing transition‐age students with high‐functioning autism spectrum disorders for meaningful work. Psychology in the Schools, 49(20), 988-1000. https://doi.org/10.1002/pits.21651
  • Lickona, T. (2004). Character matters: How to help our children develop good judgment, integrity, and other essential virtues. Simon and Schuster.
  • Lifshitz, H. (2020). Growth and development in adulthood among persons with intellectual disability: New frontiers in theory, research, and intervention. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38352-7
  • May, S. (2013). Language and minority rights: Ethnicity, nationalism and the politics of language. Routledge.
  • McCarty, T. L. (2003). Revitalising Indigenous languages in homogenising times. Comparative education, 39(2), 147-163. https://doi.org/10.1080/03050060302556
  • Mpofu, P. (2021). Indigenous media and social media convergence: adaptation of storytelling on twitter, soundcloud and youtube in zimbabwe. Journal of Asian and African Studies, 57(6), 1199-1213. https://doi.org/10.1177/00219096211049176
  • Mueser, K., Bellack, A., Morrison, R., & Wade, J. (1990). Gender, social competence, and symptomatology in schizophrenia: a longitudinal analysis. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 99(2), 138-147. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843x.99.2.138
  • Nakajima, N., Jung, H., Pradhan, M., Hasan, A., Kinnell, A., & Brinkman, S. (2020). Gender gaps in cognitive and social‐emotional skills in early primary grades: evidence from rural indonesia. Developmental Science, 23(5). https://doi.org/10.1111/desc.129
  • Ogden, T., Olseth, A., Sørlie, M., & Hukkelberg, S. (2021). Teacher’s assessment of gender differences in school performance, social skills, and externalizing behavior from fourth through seventh grade. Journal of Education, 203(1), 211-221. https://doi.org/10.1177/00220574211025071
  • Oliver, M. (2018). Understanding disability: From theory to practice. Bloomsbury Publishing.
  • Otrębski, W., & Sudoł, A. (2020). Development and validation of the moral sensitivity inventory for people with intellectual disabilities. Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, 26(1), 121-136. https://doi.org/10.1177/1744629520962622
  • Purugganan, O. (2018). Intellectual disabilities. Pediatrics in Review, 39(6), 299-309. Retrieved from https://renaissance.stonybrookmedicine.edu/sites/default/files/Intellectual-Disabilities-PIR-2018.pdf
  • Rahiem, M. D., Abdullah, N. S. M., Krauss, S. E., & Rahim, H. (2020). Moral education through dramatized storytelling: Insights and observations from Indonesia kindergarten teachers. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 19(3), 475-490. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.19.3.26
  • Robbins, C., & McGowan, B. (2016). Intersectional perspectives on gender and gender identity development . New Directions for Student Services, 154, 71–83. https://doi.org/10.1002/ss.20176
  • Saguy, T., Reifen-Tagar, M., & Joel, D. (2021). The gender-binary cycle: The perpetual relations between a biological-essentialist view of gender, gender ideology, and gender-labelling and sorting. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 376(1822), 20200141. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2020.0141
  • Salavera, C., Supervía, P., & Jarie, L. (2017). Emotional intelligence and social skills on self‐efficacy in secondary education students. are there gender differences? Journal of Adolescence, 60(1), 39-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2017.07.0
  • Sayer, I., Kristiawan, M., & Agustina, M. (2018). Fairy tale as a medium for children’s character cooperation building. Al-Ta Lim, 25(2), 108-116. https://doi.org/10.15548/jt.v25i2.458
  • Schneider, B., Avivi-Reich, M., & Mozuraitis, M. (2015). A cautionary note on the use of the Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) in classification designs with and without within-subject factors. Frontiers in Psychology, 6, 474. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00474
  • Shaw, A. (2017). Inclusion: the role of special and mainstream schools. British Journal of Special Education, 44(3), 292-312. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8578.12181
  • Simorangkir, I. (2021). Stortelling to facilitate elementary school students in improving speaking skills in learning english as a foreign language (EFL). Journal of Community Research and Service, 5(1), 42. https://doi.org/10.24114/jcrs.v5i1.27146
  • Smits-Engelsman, B., & Hill, E. L. (2012). The relationship between motor coordination and intelligence across the IQ range. Pediatrics, 130(4), e950-e956. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2011-3712
  • Spencer, T., & Pierce, C. (2022). Classroom‐based oral storytelling: reading, writing, and social benefits. The Reading Teacher, 76(5), 525-534. https://doi.org/10.1002/trtr.2144
  • Strømgren, B., & Couto, K. (2021). Psychometric properties of a Norwegian version of the social, emotional assets and resilience scales–child–short form. Assessment for Effective Intervention, 47(3), 179-184. https://doi.org/10.1177/15345084211055473
  • Talwar, V., Yachison, S., & Leduc, K. (2015). Promoting honesty: the influence of stories on children's lie‐telling behaviours and moral understanding. Infant and Child Development, 25(6), 484-501. https://doi.org/10.1002/icd.1949
  • Timothy, S., & Agbenyega, J. S. (2018). Inclusive school leaders' perceptions on the ımplementation of ındividual education plans. International Journal of whole schooling, 14(1), 1-30.
  • Topping, K., Buchs, C., Duran, D., & Van Keer, H. (2017). Effective peer learning: From principles to practical implementation. Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315695471
  • Tuffrey-Wijne, I. (2013). A new model for breaking bad news to people with intellectual disabilities. Palliative medicine, 27(1), 5-12. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269216311433476
  • Walsh, M. (2005). Will indigenous languages survive? Annual Review Anthropology, 34, 293-315. Retrieved from https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.anthro.34.081804.120629
  • Weisgrau, M., Rosman, A., & Rubel, P. G. (2023). The tapestry of culture: An introduction to cultural anthropology. Rowman & Littlefield.
  • Wolstencroft, J., Robinson, L., Srinivasan, R., Kerry, E., Mandy, W., & Skuse, D. (2018). A systematic review of group social skills interventions, and meta-analysis of outcomes, for children with high functioning ASD. Journal of Autism and Developmental, 48(7), 2293-2307. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3485-1
  • Wuang, Y. P., Wang, C. C., Huang, M. H., & Su, C. Y. (2008). Profiles and cognitive predictors of motor functions among early school‐age children with mild intellectual disabilities. Journal of intellectual disability research, 52(12), 1048-1060. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2788.2008.01096.x
  • Yang, R. C., & Juskiw, P. (2011). Analysis of covariance in agronomy and crop research. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 91(4), 621-641. https://doi.org/10.4141/cjps2010-032
  • Yildiz, N. (2017). Relationship between teachers’ knowledge levels in teaching social skills and students’ social skills. Elementary Education Online, 6(3), 1275-1286. https://doi.org/10.17051/ilkonline.2017.330257
  • Ziegler, M., Matthews, A., Mayberry, M., Owen-DeSchryver, J., & Carter, E. W. (2020). From barriers to belonging: Promoting inclusion and relationships through the peer to peer program. Teaching Exceptional Children, 52(6), 426-434. https://doi.org/10.1177/0040059920906519
LICENSE
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.